Pamukkale,
meaning "cotton castle" in Turkish, is a natural site in Denizli
Province in southwestern Turkey.
People have bathed in its pools for thousands
of years. As recently as the mid-20th century, hotels were built over the ruins
of Hierapolis, causing considerable damage. When the area was declared a World Heritage Site, the hotels were
demolished and the road removed and replaced with artificial pools.
Pamukkale's
terraces are made of travertine, a sedimentary rock deposited by water from the
hot springs. When the water, supersaturated with calcium carbonate, reaches the
surface, carbon dioxide de-gasses from it, and calcium carbonate is deposited.
The depositing continues until the carbon dioxide in the water balances the
carbon dioxide in the air. Calcium carbonate is deposited by the water as a
soft jelly,[citation needed] but this eventually hardens into travertine.
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