Svalbard
is a Norwegian archipelago in the Arctic Ocean. Situated north of mainland
Europe, it is about midway between continental Norway and the North Pole.Svalbard
is the northernmost settlement in the world with a permanent civilian
population. No roads connect the settlements, instead snowmobiles, aircraft and
boats serve inter-community transport. Svalbard Airport, Longyear serves as the
main gateway.
Svalbard
is a breeding ground for many seabirds, and also features polar bears,
reindeer, the Arctic fox, and certain marine mammals. Seven national parks and
twenty-three nature reserves cover two-thirds of the archipelago, protecting
the largely untouched, yet fragile, natural environment. Approximately 60% of
the archipelago is covered with glaciers, and the islands feature many
mountains and fjords.
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